Category: Industry trends

The dual redundant +24 Vdc system power, taken from the chosen power source, is connected to the controller at two plugs labeled PWR-1 and PWR-2 on the processor base unit:

The processor base unit has a link between the +24 Vdc connections to the center terminal of each connector PWR-1 and PWR-2. This link may be useful to connect the +24 Vdc supply to further devices:

For each power supply connection, do the following:

• Connect the negative line from the power supply, typically labeled ‘0 V’, to the left-hand terminal.

• Connect the positive line from the power supply, typically labeled ‘+24 V’, to the right-hand terminal.

• Apply a minimum tightening torque of 0.5 Nm (0.37 ft. lb.) to the terminal screws.

Procedure to Connect Serial Communications Cabling

The serial ports (S1-1 and S1-2; S2-1 and S2-2; S3-1 and S3-2) support the following signal modes depending on use:

• RS485fd: A four-wire full duplex connection that features different busses for transmit and receive. This selection must also be used when the controlleris acting as a MODBUS Master using the optional four- wire definition specified in Section 3.3.3 of the MODBUS-over-serial standard.

• RS485fdmux: A four-wire full-duplex connection with tri-state outputs on the transmit connections. This must be used when the controller is acting as a MODBUS Slave on a four-wire bus.

• RS485hdmux: A two-wire half duplex connection applicable for master slave or slave use. This is shown in the MODBUS-over-serial standard.

Each processor uses the two serial ports above it on the baseplate. Data is not mirrored between ports. Therefore a single processor system has two ports available, a dual processor system has four ports and a triple processor system has six ports available to it.

Connect the serial communications cabling to the six plugs labeled S1-1 through S3-2 on the T9100 processor base unit.

• For each serial communications connection, connect the cabling according to the following Serial Communications Illustration.

• Apply a minimum tightening torque of 0.22 Nm (0.16 ft. lb.) to the terminal screws.

• Make sure the length of the cable does not exceed 1,200 m (3,900 ft.).

Connecting MODBUS Slave Devices to Serial Ports

You can use a full duplex or a half-duplex connection for a MODBUS Slave device on a serial port.

Connect a Slave Device, Full Duplex

You can use a full duplex serial connection to connect one MODBUS Slave device to the AADvance controller. To make the physical connection, do the following:

1. Select an applicable cable. We recommend 3-pair, overall shielded cable

2. Remove the serial port connector from the T9100 processor base unit.

3. Make the connections shown in the illustration. Terminate the twisted pairs with a 120 Ω resistor in series with a 68 nF capacitor at the receiver ends.

4. Connect the signal ground (not illustrated) from the 0 V terminal to the slave device.

Connect Multiple Slave Devices, Full Duplex

You can use a full duplex serial connection to connect multiple MODBUS Slave devices to the AADvance controller. To make the physical connection, do the following:

1. Select an applicable cable. We recommend 3-pair, overall shielded cable.

2. Remove the serial port connector from the T9100 processor base unit.

3. Make the connections shown in the illustration. Terminate the twisted pairs with a 120 Ω resistor in series with a 68 nF capacitor at the receiver ends

4. Connect the signal ground (not illustrated) from the 0 V terminal to the slave device.

5. Insert the connector into the T9100 processor base unit.

Connect a Slave Device, Half Duplex

You can use a half-duplex serial connection to connect a single MODBUS Slave device to the AADvance controller. To make the physical connection, do the following:

1. Select an applicable cable. We recommend 3-pair, overall shielded cable.

2. Remove the serial port connector from the T9100 processor base unit.

3. Make the connections shown in the illustration. Terminate the twisted pairs with a 120 Ω resistor in series with a 68 nF capacitor at the receiver ends.

4. Connect the signal ground (not illustrated) from the 0 V terminal to the slave device.

5. Insert the connector into the T9100 processor base unit.
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The Unified Communication Module (UCM) acts as an interface between a Tricon controller and the Foxboro Evo™ Process Automation System. Appearing as a control station on the mesh network, the UCM transmits Tricon controller aliased data as a peer on the mesh network. The Field Device System Integrator (FDSI) in the UCM also displays on the control station.

Each UCM contains two serial ports, four fiber-optic Ethernet network ports, one Infrared port, one Time Synchronization port, and one debug port (for Invensys use).

The serial ports are uniquely addressed and are mounted on the backplane of the Model 8120E Enhanced Performance Main Chassis.

Each serial port can be used for Modbus or TriStation communication at speeds up to 115 Kbps per port. Serial port 1 supports the Modbus interface and serial port 2 supports either the Modbus or the TriStation interface.

UCMs are compatible only with TriStation 1131 4.11.x and later versions, and Tricon v11.x systems that use the Model 8120E Enhanced Performance Main Chassis and the Model 3009 Main Processor. A single Tricon controller supports up to two UCMs, which must reside in logical COM 2 slot of the Model 8120E Enhanced Performance Main Chassis. You cannot install the UCM in the COM 1 slot.

International Approvals

The Tricon controller has been certified as complying with multiple internationally recognized standards by the following internationally recognized certification agencies. These certifications have qualified the Tricon controller for use around the world in safety critical applications. Test reports from the various certification agencies are available upon request.

Topics include:

• Canadian Standards Association (CSA) on page 20

• Factory Mutual (FM) on page 21

• Bureau Veritas (BV) on page 21

• TÜV Rheinland on page 22

• Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) on page 24

• European Union CE Mark on page 25

Canadian Standards Association (CSA)

CSA has certified that the Tricon controller is in full compliance with the following internationally recognized electrical safety standards and is qualified for general use in North American and other jurisdictions requiring compliance with these standards.

Factory Mutual (FM)

FM has certified that the Tricon controller is in full compliance with the following internationally recognized standards and is qualified for use in Class I, Division 2 Temperature T4, Groups A, B, C, and D hazardous indoor (or outdoor in a NEMA 4 cabinet) locations.

In North America, the field signals used with ATEX-compliant external termination panels are certified for Class I, Division 2, Groups C and D.

3600：3600 Electrical Equipment for Use in Hazardous (Classified) LocationsGeneral Requirements

3611：Electrical Equipment for use in Class I-Division 2; Class II-Division 2; and Class III-Divisions 1 and 2, Hazardous Locations

3810：Electrical and Electronic Test, Measuring and Process Control Equipment

CSA C22.2 No. 213, Reaffirmed 2004：Non-Incendive Electrical Equipment for Use in Class I, Division 2 Hazardous Locations – Industrial Products

CSA C22.2 No 1010.1：Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurement, Control,

Issued 2004：and Laboratory Use – Part 1: General Requirements

Notes：For hazardous location applications, redundant power sources should be used for system power. Also, any signal going to or through a hazardous atmosphere must use hazardous location protection, such as an IS Barrier. For information on applicationspecific installation instructions for hazardous locations, refer to Chapter 3, Installation and Maintenance.

FM has not certified the following Tricon products: Model 8110ATEX Main Chassis, Model 8111ATEX Expansion Chassis, Model 8112ATEX RXM Chassis, Model 3009 Main Processor, Model 4610 Unified Communication Module, and Model 8120E Enhanced Performance Main Chassis

For more information about FM certifications for Tricon Products, contact the Global Customer Support (GCS) center.

Bureau Veritas (BV)

BV has certified specific Tricon products as being in full compliance with the following internationally recognized standard and qualified for use in marine environments.

installation instructions. For more information about Bureau Veritas certifications for Tricon products, contact the Global Customer Support (GCS) center.

TÜV Rheinland

TÜV has certified that the Tricon controller is in full compliance with the internationally recognized standards listed below, and thus is qualified for use in the following applications and jurisdictions.

Emergency safety shutdown or other critical control applications requiring SIL 1-3 certification per the functional safety requirements of IEC 61508

Fire and gas detection applications requiring certification per the requirements of EN 54

Fire and gas detection applications requiring certification per the requirements of NFPA 72

Burner management applications requiring certification per the requirements of EN 50156-1

Burner management applications requiring certification per the requirements of NFPA 85 or NFPA 86

All applications for use in European Union or other jurisdictions requiring compliance with the EMC Directive No. 2004/108/EC and Low Voltage Equipment Directive No. 2006/95/EE

All applications for use in the European Union or other jurisdictions requiring compliance with the ATEX Directive No. 94/9/EC for Zone 2, Group IIB hazardous locations

IEC 61508, Parts 1-7:2010：

Functional Safety of Electrical/Electronic/Programmable

Electronic Safety-Related Systems

IEC 61511, Parts 1-3:2004

Functional safety – Safety instrumented systems for the process industry sector

IEC 61326-3-1:2008

Electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use – EMC requirements – Part 3-1: Immunity requirements for safety-related systems and for equipment intended to perform safety-related functions (functional safety) – General industrial applications

IEC 61131-2:2007

Programmable controllers. Equipment requirements and tests.

Overvoltage Category II and Zone B (EMC Immunity) are assumed

EN 50130-4:1995 + A1:1998 + A2:2003

Alarm systems – Part 4: Electromagnetic compatibility – Product family standard: Immunity requirements for components of fire, intruder and social alarm systems

EN 50156-1:2004

Electrical equipment for furnaces and ancillary equipment – Part 1: Requirements for application design and installation

EN 50178:1998

Electronic equipment for use in power installations

EN 61000-6-2:2005

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 6-2: Generic standards – Immunity for industrial environments

EN 61000-6-4:2007

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 6-4: Generic standards – Emission standard for industrial environments

EN 54-2:1997 + AC:1999 + A1:2006

Fire detection and fire alarm systems – Part 2: Control and indicating equipment

EN 298: 2012

Automatic gas burner control systems for gas burners and gas burning appliances with or without fans

NFPA 72

National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code, 2013 Edition

NFPA 85

Boiler and Combustion Systems Hazards Code, 2011 Edition

NFPA 86

Standard for Ovens and Furnaces, 2011 Edition

EN 61000-4-2:2008

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-2: Testing and measurement techniques – Electrostatic discharge immunity test

EN 61000-4-3:2006 + A1:2008 + IS1:2009

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-3: Testing and measurement techniques – Radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test

EN 61000-4-4:2012

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-4: Testing and measurement techniques – Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test

EN 61000-4-5:2006

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-5: Testing and measurement techniques – Surge immunity test

EN 61000-4-12:2006

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-12: Testing and measurement techniques – Ring wave immunity test

EN 61000-4-16:1998 + A1:2004

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-16: Testing and measurement techniques – Test for immunity to conducted, common mode disturbances in the frequency range 0 Hz to 150 kHz

ISA 84.00.01

Functional Safety: Safety Instrumented Systems for the Process Industry Sector (ANSI/ISA-84.00.01-2004)

Notes

The list of standards above applies only to systems being shipped with this version of the Planning and Installation Guide for Tricon v9–v11 Systems (April 2013, Document No. 9720077-018). For standards applicable to older systems, refer to the version of the Planning and Installation Guide for Tricon v9–v11 Systems that came with the system, or the applicable TÜV Certification Report. If you need assistance, please contact the Global Customer Support (GCS) center.

To meet Performance Criteria A for the “Fast Transient Burst” test defined in EN 54- 2:1997+A1:2006, the Model 3564 Digital Input Module must have an EMI filter, similar to the Schaffner FN 2010-20, installed on the 24 V field power line. Note that this is the definition of Performance Criteria A: “During testing, normal performance within the specification limits.”

The following table identifies modules that met Performance Criteria B, rather than the required Performance Criteria A, for some of the tests defined in IEC 61326-1:2012, IEC 61131-2:2007, and EN 54-2:1997+A1:2006. Note that this is the definition of Performance Criteria B: “During testing, temporary degradation, or loss of function or performance which is self-recovering.”
Same functional module:
TRICONEX   3504E
TRICONEX   3511
TRICONEX   3515
TRICONEX 3601E
TRICONEX 3604E
TRICONEX 3607E
TRICONEX   3623T
TRICONEX   3625
TRICONEX  3625A
TRICONEX   3625C1
TRICONEX   3625
TRICONEX 3636R
TRICONEX   3664
TRICONEX 3700A
TRICONEX 3703E
TRICONEX   3708E
TRICONEX   3708EN
TRICONEX   3721C
TRICONEX 3721
TRICONEX   3805E
TRICONEX   3806E
TRICONEX 3902AX
TRICONEX 4000056-002
TRICONEX 4000066-025
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On AC voltage Digital Output Modules, a fault switch identified by the OVD process causes the output signal to transition to the opposite state for a maximum of half an AC cycle. This transition may not be transparent to all field devices. After a fault is detected, the module discontinues further iterations of OVD. Each point on an AC voltage Digital Output Module requires periodic cycling to both the On and Off states to ensure 100 percent fault coverage.

DC Digital Output Modules

DC voltage Digital Output Modules are specifically designed to control devices which hold points in one state for long periods of time. The OVD strategy for a DC voltage Digital Output Module ensures full fault coverage even if the commanded state of the points never changes. On this type of module, the output signal transition normally occurs during OVD execution, but is guaranteed to be less than 2.0 milliseconds (500 microseconds is typical) and is transparent to most field devices.

Dual DC Digital Output Modules

Dual Digital Output (DDO) Modules provide just enough redundancy to ensure safe operation. Dual modules are optimized for those safety-critical applications where low cost is more important than maximum availability

Supervised Digital Output Modules

Supervised Digital Output Modules provide both voltage and current loopback, allowing complete fault coverage for both energized-to-trip and de-energized-to-trip conditions. In addition, a Supervised Digital Output Module verifies the presence of the field load by doing continuous circuit-continuity checks. Any loss of field load is annunciated by the module.

Pulse Input Modules

Each Pulse Input Module includes three channels which measure the input frequency independently. Special algorithms, optimized for accurately measuring the speed of rotating machinery, are used to compensate for irregularly spaced teeth on timing gear or for periodic acceleration/de-acceleration. The results are placed into a table of values. Each input table is passed to its associated MP using the corresponding I/O bus. The input table in each MP is transferred to its neighbors across the TriBus. The middle value is selected by each MP and the input table in each MP is corrected accordingly. In TMR mode, the mid-value is used by the application; in duplex mode, the average is used. Special self-test circuitry is provided to diagnose the health state of all input points, even when an active signal is not present. Each Pulse Input Module is guaranteed to remain in calibration for the life of the controller; periodic manual calibration is not required.

Thermocouple Input Modules

Each Thermocouple Input Module has three independent input channels. Each input channel receives variable voltage signals from each point, performs thermocouple linearization and cold-junction compensation, and converts the result to degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit. Each channel then transmits 16-bit signed integers representing 0.125 degrees per count to the three Main Processors on demand. To ensure correct data for every scan, a value is selected using a mid-value selection algorithm.

Triplicated temperature transducers residing on the field termination module support coldjunction compensation. Each channel of a thermocouple module performs auto-calibration and reference-junction compensation every five seconds using internal-precision voltage references. On the Isolated Thermocouple Module, a cold-junction indicator announces the failure of a cold-junction transducer. On the Non-Isolated Thermocouple Module, a Fault indicator announces a transducer fault.

Sensing of each thermocouple input is performed in a manner which prevents a single failure on one channel from affecting another channel. Each module performs complete ongoing diagnostics on each channel.

Field Terminations

Various termination options are available for field wiring of the Tricon chassis, including external termination panels (ETPs) and fanned-out cables.

An ETP is an electrically-passive printed circuit board to which field wiring is easily attached. An ETP passes input signals from the field to an input module or passes signals generated by an output module directly to field wiring, thereby permitting removal or replacement of the input or output module without disturbing field wiring.

A fanned-out cable is a lower-cost alternative to an ETP when using digital input or digital output modules. One end of a fanned-out cable connects to the Tricon chassis backplane and the other end provides 50 fanned-out leads, each individually labeled with a pin number that matches the connector signals. For more information, see the Field Terminations Guide for Tricon v9–v11 Systems.

Communication Modules

A Tricon controller can communicate with other Triconex controllers and external devices. Communication modules enable serial and network communication using a variety of communication protocols. The Main Processors broadcast data to the communication modules across the communication bus. Data is typically refreshed every scan; it is never more than two scan-times old.

For more information about communication setup and protocols, see the Communication Guide for Tricon v9–v11 Systems.

Advanced Communication Module (ACM)

The ACM (Advanced Communication Module) acts as an interface between a Tricon controller and a Foxboro Intelligent Automation (I/A) Series DCS, appearing to the Foxboro system as a safety node on the I/A Series® Nodebus. The ACM communicates process information at full network data rates for use anywhere on the I/A Series DCS, transmitting all Tricon controller aliased data (including system variables and system aliases) and diagnostic information to operator workstations in display formats that are familiar to Foxboro operators.

Note: ACMs are compatible with Tricon v10.x and earlier systems.

Enhanced Intelligent Communication Module (EICM)

The Enhanced Intelligent Communication Module (EICM) enables a Tricon controller to communicate with Modbus devices (masters or slaves), with a TriStation PC, and with a printer. The four serial ports are uniquely addressed and can be used for Modbus or TriStation communication at speeds up to 19.2 kilobits per second. A single Tricon High-Density controller supports up to two EICM modules which reside in one logical slot. This arrangement provides a total of six Modbus ports, two TriStation ports, and two printer ports.

Note :EICMs are compatible with Tricon v10.x and earlier systems.

Hiway Interface Module (HIM)

The Hiway Interface Module (HIM) acts as an interface between a Tricon controller and a Honeywell TDC-3000 control system via the Hiway Gateway and Local Control Network (LCN). The HIM can also interface with a Honeywell TDC-2000 control system via the Data Hiway. The HIM enables higher-order devices on the LCN or Data Hiway, such as computers and operator workstations, to communicate with the Tricon controller. The HIM allows redundant BNC connections directly to the Data Hiway and has the same functional capacity as up to four extended Data Hiway Port (DHP) addresses.

Network Communication Module (NCM)

The Network Communication Module (NCM) enables the Tricon controller to communicate with other Triconex controllers and with external devices on Ethernet networks using a highspeed 10 megabits per second data link. The NCMG allows the Tricon controller to synchronize controller time based on GPS information.

Safety Manager Module (SMM)

The Safety Manager Module (SMM) acts as an interface between a Tricon controller and a Honeywell Universal Control Network (UCN), which is one of three principal networks of the TDC-3000 Distributed Control System. Appearing to the Honeywell system as a safety node on the UCN, the SMM communicates process information at full network data rates for use anywhere on the TDC-3000. The SMM transmits all Tricon controller aliased data (including system variables and system aliases) and diagnostic information to operator workstations in display formats that are familiar to Honeywell operators.

Tricon Communication Module (TCM)

The Tricon Communication Module (TCM) enables a Tricon controller to communicate with Modbus devices (masters or slaves), a TriStation PC, a network printer, other Triconex controllers, and other external devices on Ethernet networks.

Each TCM has four serial ports, two Ethernet network ports, and one debug port (for Invensys use). TCM Models 4353 and 4354 have an embedded OPC server, which allows up to ten OPC clients to subscribe to data collected by the OPC server. The embedded OPC server supports the Data Access standard and the Alarms and Events standard.

A single Tricon controller supports up to four TCMs, which reside in two logical slots. This arrangement provides a total of sixteen serial ports and eight Ethernet network ports.

TCMs are compatible only with Tricon v10.0 and later systems. TCM Models 4351B, 4352B, 4353, and 4354 are compatible only with Tricon v10.3 and later systems. For complete compatibility information, see the Tricon Product Release Notices available on the Global Customer Support (GCS) center website.
Same functional module:
TRICONEX   3504E
TRICONEX   3511
TRICONEX   3515
TRICONEX 3601E
TRICONEX 3604E
TRICONEX 3607E
TRICONEX   3623T
TRICONEX   3625
TRICONEX  3625A
TRICONEX   3625C1
TRICONEX   3625
TRICONEX 3636R
TRICONEX   3664
TRICONEX 3700A
TRICONEX 3703E
TRICONEX   3708E
TRICONEX   3708EN
TRICONEX   3721C
TRICONEX 3721
TRICONEX   3805E
TRICONEX   3806E
TRICONEX 3902AX
TRICONEX 4000056-002
TRICONEX 4000066-025

The Tricon controller incorporates integral online diagnostics. Probable failure modes are anticipated and made detectable by specialized circuitry. Fault-monitoring circuitry in each module helps fulfill this requirement. The circuitry includes but is not limited to I/O loopback, deadman timers, loss-of-power sensors, and so on. This aspect of the system design enables the Tricon controller to reconfigure itself and perform limited self-repair according to the health of each module and channel.

Each Tricon controller module can activate the system integrity alarm. The alarm consists of a normally closed or normally opened (NC or NO) relay contact on each Power Module. Any failure condition, including loss or brownout of system power, activates the alarm to summon plant maintenance personnel.

The front panel of each module provides LED (light-emitting-diode) indicators that show the status of the module or the external systems to which it is connected. Pass, Fault, and Active are common indicators. Other indicators are specific to each module.

Maintenance consists of replacing plug-in modules. A lighted Fault indicator shows that the module has detected a fault and must be replaced. The control circuitry for the indicators is isolated from each of the three channels and is redundant.

All internal diagnostic and alarm status data is available for remote logging and report generation. This reporting is done through a local or remote TriStation PC, or through a host computer. For more information, see the TriStation 1131 Developer’s Guide for the version of TriStation being used.

Analog Input Modules

For Analog Input Modules, each of the three channels asynchronously measures the input signals and places the results into a table of values. Each of the three input tables is passed to its associated Main Processor using the I/O bus. The input table in each Main Processor is transferred to its neighbors across the TriBus. The middle value is selected by each Main Processor and the input table in each Main Processor is corrected accordingly. In TMR mode, the mid-value data is used by the control program; in duplex mode, the average is used.

Each Analog Input Module is automatically calibrated using multiple reference voltages read through the multiplexer. These voltages determine the gain and bias required to adjust readings of the analog-to-digital converter.

Analog Input Modules and termination panels are available to support a wide variety of analog inputs, in both isolated and non-isolated versions: 0 to 5 VDC, -5 to +5 VDC, 0 to 10 VDC, 4 to 20 mA, thermocouples (types K, J, T and E), and resistive thermal devices (RTD).

Analog Output Modules

An Analog Output Module receives three tables of output values, one for each channel from the corresponding Main Processor. Each channel has its own digital-to-analog converter (DAC). One of the three channels is selected to drive the analog outputs. The output is continuously checked for correctness by loopback inputs on each point which are read by all three microprocessors. If a fault occurs in the driving channel, that channel is declared faulty, and a new channel is selected to drive the field device. The designation of driving channel is rotated among the channels so that all three channels are periodically tested.

Each Analog Output Module is guaranteed to remain in calibration for the life of the controller; periodic manual calibration is not required.

Digital Input Modules

Every Digital Input Module houses the circuitry for three identical channels (A, B, and C). Although the channels reside on the same module, they are completely isolated from each other and operate independently, which means a fault on one channel cannot pass to another. In addition, each channel contains an 8-bit microprocessor called the I/O communication processor which handles communication with its corresponding Main Processor.

Each of the three input channels asynchronously measures the input signals from each point on the input module, determines the respective states of the input signals, and places the values into input tables A, B, and C respectively. Each input table is regularly interrogated over the I/O bus by the I/O communication processor located on the corresponding Main Processor. For example, Main Processor A interrogates Input Table A over I/O Bus A.

There are two basic types of Digital Input Modules: TMR and Single.

TMR Digital Input Modules

On TMR Digital Input Modules, all critical signal paths are 100 percent triplicated to guarantee safety and maximum availability. Each channel conditions signals independently and provides isolation between the field and the Tricon controller. The Model 3504E high-density module is an exception—it has no channel-to-channel isolation.

Models 3502E, 3503E, and 3505E include a self-test feature which verifies the ability of the Tricon controller to detect transitions from a normally energized circuit to the Off state. Because most safety systems use a de-energize-to-trip setting, the ability to detect the Off state is an important feature. To test for stuck-On inputs, a switch within the input circuitry is closed to allow a zero input (Off) to be read by the optical isolation circuitry. The last data reading is frozen in the I/O Processor while the test is running.

Single Digital Input Modules

On Single Digital Input Modules, only those portions of the signal path which are required to ensure safe operation are triplicated. Single modules are optimized for those safety-critical applications where low cost is more important than maximum availability. Special self-test circuitry detects all stuck-On and stuck-Off fault conditions within the non-triplicated signal conditioners in less than half a second. This is a mandatory feature of a fail-safe system, which must detect all faults in a timely manner, and upon detection of an input fault, force the measured input value to the safe state. Because the Tricon controller is optimized for deenergize-to-trip applications, detection of a fault in the input circuitry forces to Off (the deenergized state) the value reported to the Main Processors by each channel.

Digital Output Modules

Every Digital Output Module houses the circuitry for three identical, isolated channels. Each channel includes an I/O microprocessor which receives its output table from the I/O Processor on its corresponding Main Processor. All of the Digital Output Modules, except the dual DC modules, use a patented quadruplicated output circuitry, referred to as Quad Voter, which votes on the individual output signals just before they are applied to the load. This voter circuitry is based on parallel-series paths which pass power if the drivers for Channels A and B, or Channels B and C, or Channels A and C command them to close—in other words, 2-out-of-3 drivers voted On. Dual Digital Output Modules provide a single series path, with the 2-out-of3 voting process applied individually to each switch. The quadruplicated output circuitry provides multiple redundancy for all critical signal paths, guaranteeing safety and maximum availability.

OVD (Output Voter Diagnostics)

Every Digital Output Module executes a specific type of Output Voter Diagnostics (OVD) for every point. This safety feature allows unrestricted operation under a variety of multiple-fault scenarios. In general, during OVD execution the commanded state of each point is momentarily reversed on one of the output drivers, one after another. Loopback on the module allows each microprocessor to read the output value for the point to determine whether a latent fault exists within the output circuit. (For devices that cannot tolerate a signal transition of any length, OVD on both AC and DC voltage Digital Output Modules can be disabled.)
Same functional module:
TRICONEX   3504E
TRICONEX   3511
TRICONEX   3515
TRICONEX 3601E
TRICONEX 3604E
TRICONEX 3607E
TRICONEX   3623T
TRICONEX   3625
TRICONEX  3625A
TRICONEX   3625C1
TRICONEX   3625
TRICONEX 3636R
TRICONEX   3664
TRICONEX 3700A
TRICONEX 3703E
TRICONEX   3708E
TRICONEX   3708EN
TRICONEX   3721C
TRICONEX 3721
TRICONEX   3805E
TRICONEX   3806E
TRICONEX 3902AX
TRICONEX 4000056-002
TRICONEX 4000066-025
More…

DeepSeek’s breakthrough in AI has boosted investor sentiment in Chinese stocks, with an index measuring Chinese onshore and offshore shares surging more than 26% since a January low.

The surge in Chinese stocks comes as Indian stocks are in correction territory, with experts noting that money is moving from India to China.

“Whenever the Chinese market goes up, the Indian market goes down,” said Thio Siew Hua, managing director and head of equities at Lion Capital.

China’s CSI 300 index had posted negative returns for three years before last year’s strong gains, while Indian stocks have been long-term growth for the past nine years, but returns in 2024 are much lower than the year before.

“You need to sell something to fund new things, and that’s what’s happening, especially as we’re seeing disappointment in India,” she told CNBC.

China’s stock market has surged on the back of tech stocks since the release of DeepSeek’s R1 model in January, challenging the U.S.-dominated AI ecosystem with claims of superior performance at a fraction of the cost of established AI companies.

The Hang Seng Tech Index, which tracks the 30 largest tech companies listed in Hong Kong, hit its highest level in nearly three years on Friday.

Meanwhile, the MSCI China Index has risen 26.5% so far this year and nearly 18% from its January low, while the MSCI India Index has fallen more than 7% so far this year.

Alex Smith, head of equity investment specialists for Asia and emerging markets at Abrdn, said the reallocation to China was driven by a stronger narrative on multiple fronts.

“We saw strong upside in the Chinese market after Deepseek launched,” Smith told CNBC.

The rise of Deepseek has boosted investor interest in Chinese tech companies. Smith said Chinese local models such as Deepseek’s R1 and Alibaba’s Qwen 2.5 have demonstrated the ability of Chinese companies to continuously improve performance while reducing inference costs.

India’s appeal is waning

Smith said the Indian economy has been struggling with slowing growth, the stock market has corrected sharply in recent months, and short-term earnings expectations remain subdued.

India’s GDP grew 5.4% in the September quarter, the slowest growth in nearly seven quarters. Earlier this year, the Indian government lowered its economic growth forecast for the fiscal year ending in March to 6.4%, the lowest in four years.

As of the end of January, 33% of large global emerging market funds surveyed by Nomura Securities were “overweight” Chinese and Hong Kong stocks, up from 26% in December. On the contrary, Nomura Securities’ statistics show that the proportion of global emerging market funds “underweight” Indian stocks increased by 6%.

More than 50% of the funds surveyed by Nomura said they cut their allocations to India by the end of January, while increasing their allocations to Chinese and Hong Kong stocks.

Nicole Wong, a portfolio manager at Manulife, told CNBC that she took profits from her Indian portfolio in January, while giving an “overweight” rating to the Chinese and Hong Kong stock markets, especially the Chinese technology sector.

She added that the momentum in Indian stocks has now reversed after investors viewed Indian stocks as the preferred place to invest in emerging markets for most of 2024.

In the years after the outbreak, many investors pulled out of China and funds flowed to countries such as India, said Thio.

China’s CSI 300 Index has seen annual declines of more than 5%, nearly 22%, and more than 11% in 2021, 2022, and 2023, respectively. In contrast, India’s Nifty 50 Index has seen annual gains of more than 24%, 4%, and 20%, respectively.

Abrdn’s Smith said the current rotation of capital flows is significant given that investors are now firmly in the second era of President Trump and are likely to continue to see more aggressive stimulus measures from China amid the threat of tariffs.

Despite the increased optimism about the Chinese market, the country’s economy still faces many headwinds. Experts suggest that this requires a cautious approach.

Manulife’s Mr Huang said: “From the perspective of the continued recovery of consumer activity in China, it may be too early to say that the worst is over.”

It is worth noting that the Chinese market is still relatively volatile, said James Liu, founder and head of research at Clearnomics.
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